Fado means "fate", from the latin word "fatum".
The origins of this melancholic style of song are still mysterious,
but are believed to lie in the 19th century ballads. These ballads
evolved from ancient times when Arabs and Greeks passed through
Portugal bringing their music and song.
Another theory of origins are African slave songs. Yet another;
the Portuguese brought their music to Brazil and back to Portugal
including the influence of Brazilian music. The fado has a brother
in the Brazilian "Choro".
The "fado" is the musical equivalent to
"saudade", a Portuguese word difficult to translate for
it seems to belong to the very soul of the people. "Longing",
or "yearning" comes closest. The lyrical content of the
"fado" concern itself about life's realities. Even though
it is telling of pain, passion, tragedy and lost love, the "fado"
is not sad music.
Based on a story, passion or a poem often improvised, the fado is
performed with intensity and soul. It is accompanied by 12-string
Guitarra Portuguesa (pear-formed, medieval lute like) and Viola(s)
(classic guitar).